Cenozoic era epochs

Although stratigraphers agree upon the names and dates of the Epochs of the Cenozoic, there has historically been considerable disagreement on the Periods of the Cenozoic: American ... Cenozoic is by FAR the best known Era, representing only 1.4 % of Earth History, yet the most commonly encountered rocks on the Earth's surface and on …

Feb 28, 2020 · Following the Mesozoic era was the Cenozoic, which began about 66 million years ago. This period is also known as the "Age of Mammals," as large mammals, following the extinction of the dinosaurs, became the dominant creatures on the planet. In the process, mammals diversified into the many species still present on the Earth today. Dec 17, 2022 · Right now, according to the current timeline, we are in — deep breath — the Meghalayan Age of the Holocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon, and have ... Pleistocene Epoch, earlier and major of the two epochs of the Quaternary Period of Earth’s history, an epoch during which a succession of glacial and interglacial climatic cycles occurred. It ended 11,700 years ago. It was preceded by the Pliocene Epoch and followed by the Holocene Epoch.This era was between about 250 to 66 million years ago. During this period, life evolved and diversified. It gets its name from the Greek language, which means ‘Middle life.’. This period is also famous as the age of dinosaurs or the age of reptiles. The Mesozoic era existed between the Paleozoic and the Cenozoic era.Geologists measure time in eons, eras, periods, epochs and ages. The scientific working group is proposing that Anthropocene Epoch followed the Holocene Epoch, which started about 11,700 years ago at the end of an ice age. They are also proposing that it starts a new age, called Crawfordian after the lake chosen as its starting point.nearly 22 million years, the longest of all the epochs of the Cenozoic Era. For most of the Eocene Epoch, the global climate was warm and rainy. Among the mammal groups that first appeared in the fossil record during this period are the perissodactyls, artiodactyls, proboscideans, rodents, and many primates. Adaptive radiation of

Quaternary Period, Interval of geologic time, approximately 2.6 million years ago to the present.The Quaternary follows the Neogene Period and is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era.The Quaternary is subdivided into the Pleistocene Epoch and the Holocene Epoch and is characterized by major cyclical changes of climate on a …Quaternary, in the geologic history of Earth, a unit of time within the Cenozoic Era, beginning 2,588,000 years ago and continuing to the present day. The Quaternary has been characterized by several periods of glaciation (the “ice ages” of common lore), when ice sheets many kilometres thick have.Paleogene Period, oldest of the three stratigraphic divisions of the Cenozoic Era spanning the interval between 66 million and 23 million years ago. Paleogene is Greek meaning “ancient-born” and includes the Paleocene (Palaeocene) Epoch (66 million to 56 million years ago), the Eocene Epoch (56The Cenozoic Era is still occurring today - and modern plants and animals continue to evolve and change over time. The 2 periods in the Cenozoic Era and the Epochs within them are described below, as shown in the "Fossils Tell a Scientific Story" exhibit in the Hall of Evolution.The age of mammals, the cenozoic, has been split into seven epochs. Those seven epochs are as follows: Paleocene Eocene Oligocene Miocene Pliocene Pleistocene Holocene Paleocene ~ 65-56 Million Years Ago The comet or meteor hit and the dinosaurs, except the birds, were wiped out roughly 65 million years ago.

The Periods and Epochs of the Cenozoic Era. The Paleogene period (65-23 million years ago) was the age when the mammals began their rise to dominance. The Paleogene comprises three separate epochs: * The Paleocene epoch (65-56 million years ago) was fairly quiet in evolutionary terms. This is when the tiny mammals that survived the K/T ...The Cenozoic Era spans the interval from 66 million years ago to present. It is divided into the Paleogene Period (66–23 million years ago) and Neogene Period (23 million …The Cenozoic Era, the 66.6 million years of earth’s history, holds the evolutionary secrets of all life on earth today. Stacked below the earth’s crust, each layer unfolds stories about the formation of continents, mountains, climatic zones, unimaginable glaciation cycles, the evolution of the mighty Indricotherium, majestic woolly mammoth, and the unbeatable human race from the small ...Nov 6, 2013 · The geological clock: a projection of Earth’s 4,5 Ga history on a clock Author: Woudloper Derivative work: Hardwigg Wikipedia. The Cenozoic Era (also Cænozoic, Caenozoic or Cainozoic; meaning “new life”, from Greek καινός kainos “new”, and ζωή zoe “life”) is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and covering the ... quaternary. quat·er·nar·y / ˈkwätərˌnerē / • adj. 1. fourth in order or rank; belonging to the fourth order. 2. (Quaternary) Geol. of, relating to, or denoting the most recent period in the Cenozoic era, following the Tertiary period and comprising the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs (and thus including the present). 3.

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The Paleozoic is bracketed by two of the most important events in the history of animal life. At its beginning, multicelled animals underwent a dramatic "explosion" in diversity, and almost all living animal phyla appeared within a few millions of years. At the other end of the Paleozoic, the largest mass extinction in history wiped out approximately 90% of all …Which era is divided into periods and epochs? Cenozoic Era The two periods of the Cenozoic Era are the Tertiary and Quaternary. A period is divided into an even smaller unit called an epoch. What is the oldest epoch in the Cenozoic era? Paleogene Period , also spelled Palaeogene Period , oldest of the three stratigraphic …Earth Sciences Cenozoic era. The Cenozoic era was the third major epoch of earth's history, beginning approximately 66 million years ago and extending to the present. It was the time interval during which the continents assumed their modern configuration and the different geographical positions they hold to this day, and during which the earth's flora and fauna evolved to the present day. time chart of the Cenozoic Era focusing on the Paleocene and Eocene Epochs ... time chart of the Cenozoic Era focusing on the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene was an ...Very few epochs and stages cross international period boundaries, and the exceptions are almost all within the Cenozoic Era. ... Taranaki epoch: T 11.04: Upper Miocene: Taranaki: Kapitean stage Tk 7.2 Kapitea Creek, near Kumara: Tongaporutuan stage Tt 11.04 Tongaporutu: Southland epoch: S 15.9:

Miocene Epoch (23.03–5.332 Ma) The Miocene comprised most of the Neogene Period making it the second longest Epoch of the Cenozoic Era. Wide expanses of grasslands formed across the Northern Hemisphere and supported a variety of new types of mammals. Horses moved from browsing in forests and meadows to grazing (eating grass) in …The Cenozoic (65.5 million years ago to present) is divided into three periods: the Paleogene (65.5 to 23.03 million years ago), Neogene (23.03 to 2.6 million years ago) and the Quaternary (2.6 million years ago to present). Paleogene and Neogene are relatively new terms that now replace the deprecated term, Tertiary.Volume 5. Scott A. Elias, in Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition), 2021 Paleogene Period. The earliest part of the Cenozoic was the Paleogene Period, including the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs, spanning the interval of 64–23 mya. The first drop in pCO 2 levels marked in proxy records was during the transition from the …The interval of maximum temperature occurred during the late Paleocene and early Eocene epochs (59.2 million to 41.2 million years ago). The highest global temperatures of the Cenozoic occurred during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a short interval lasting approximately 100,000 years. Although the underlying causes are unclear ...Miocene Epoch (23.03–5.332 Ma) The Miocene comprised most of the Neogene Period making it the second longest Epoch of the Cenozoic Era. Wide expanses of grasslands formed across the Northern Hemisphere and supported a variety of new types of mammals. Horses moved from browsing in forests and meadows to grazing (eating grass) in …Cenozoic era. In geologic time, the Cenozoic Era, the third era in the Phanerozoic Eon, follows the Mesozoic Era and spans the time between roughly 65 million years ago (mya) and present day. On the geologic time scale, Earth is currently in the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon. The Cenozoic Era contains two geologic time …The Paleocene, ( IPA: / ˈpæli.əsiːn, - i.oʊ -, ˈpeɪli -/ PAL-ee-ə-seen, -⁠ee-oh-, PAY-lee-) [4] or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek παλαιός palaiós ...It is the traditional name for the first of two periods in the Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago to the present); the second is the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present).Tertiary Period. In geologic time, the Tertiary Period (also sometimes referred to in terms of a Paleogene Period and a Neogene Period), represents the first geologic period in the Cenozoic Era.The Tertiary Period spans the time between roughly 65 million years ago (mya) and 2.6 mya. When referred to in terms of a Paleogene Period …

Cenozoic Era: Stratigraphy. The Cenozoic is divided into two main sub-divisions: the Tertiary and the Quaternary. Most of the Cenozoic is the Tertiary, from 65 million years ago to 1.8 million years ago. The Quaternary includes only the last 1.8 million years. The concepts of Tertiary and Quaternary have an interesting history.

The concept is that this epoch is "entirely new". The suffix '-cene' is used for all the seven epochs of the Cenozoic Era. Overview. The International Commission on Stratigraphy has defined the Holocene as starting approximately 11,700 years before 2000 CE (11,650 cal years BP, or 9,700 BCE).Search from 3555 Cenozoic Era stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock. Find high-quality stock photos that you won't find anywhere else.The Cenozoic Era is the most modern geologic era: the beginning was marked by ... Epochs, and the Quaternary Period, which is subdivided into the Pleistocene ...Cenozoic Era, third of the major eras of Earth's history, beginning about 66 million years ago and extending to the present. ... The Neogene spans the Miocene and Pliocene epochs, and the Quaternary includes the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Geologic processes. Cenozoic rocks are extensively developed on all the continents, particularly on ...It is the beginning of the Cenozoic Era of the present Phanerozoic Eon. The earlier term Tertiary Period was used to define the span of time now covered by the Paleogene Period and subsequent Neogene Period; ... Eocene, and Oligocene epochs. The end of the Paleocene (56 Mya) ...Cenozoic Era. Following the extinction of the dinosaurs, the Cenozoic ... About: The most recent of all epochs, the Holocene is what we are living in right now.Quaternary, in the geologic history of Earth, a unit of time within the Cenozoic Era, beginning 2,588,000 years ago and continuing to the present day. The Quaternary has been characterized by several periods of glaciation (the “ice ages” of common lore), when ice sheets many kilometres thick have Dec 17, 2022 · Right now, according to the current timeline, we are in — deep breath — the Meghalayan Age of the Holocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon, and have ... Tertiary Period. In geologic time , the Tertiary Period (also sometimes referred to in terms of a Paleogene Period and a Neogene Period), represents the first geologic period in the Cenozoic Era . The Tertiary Period spans the time between roughly 65 million years ago (mya) and 2.6 mya. When referred to in terms of a Paleogene Period and a ...

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Eons are divided into eras, which are further divided into periods, epochs, and ages. Geologic dating is extremely imprecise. For example, although the date listed for the beginning of the Ordovician period is 485 million years ago, it is actually 485.4 with an uncertainty (plus or minus) of 1.9 million years.Tertiary Period, former official interval of geologic time lasting from approximately 66 million to 2.6 million years ago. It is the traditional name for the first of two periods in the Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago to the present); the second is the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present).Each period is further divided into epochs: the Paleogene encompasses the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs; the Neogene comprises the Miocene and Pliocene epochs; and the Quaternary includes the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. This article provides an overview of the Cenozoic Era and the major events that occurred during its span.The Cenozoic era started with the warm and humid conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene epochs. However, the climate gradually cooled, leading to the …The Giant Mammals of the Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene Epochs. The Eocene epoch, from 56 to 34 million years ago, witnessed the first plus-sized herbivorous mammals. The success of Coryphodon, a half-ton plant-eater with a tiny, dinosaur-sized brain, can be inferred by its wide distribution across early Eocene North America and Eurasia.Periods of the Cenozoic Era are split into even smaller parts known as Epochs, so you will see even more signposts in this Era. Cenozoic signposts are colored yellow. Cenozoic | U.S. Geological Survey Skip to main content An official website of the United States government Here's how you know Here's how you know Official websites use .gov Tertiary The older geological period of the Cenozoic era (compare Quaternary). It began about 65 million years ago, following the Cretaceous period, and extended to the beginning of the Quaternary, about 2 million years ago. It is subdivided into the Palaeocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene epochs in ascending order.The most recent era of the earth's history, which began 65.5 million years ago (mya), is known as the "Cenozoic Era.". This is that time frame in which the geological changes gave rise to ...The last period in the Cenozoic Era was the Quaternary Period that runs from 2.58 million years ago to the present day. During the Pleistocene Epoch. The Holocene Epoch began 11,700 years ago and continues to this day, making it the current epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era. During most of this time, the climate has been pretty ... Online exhibits: Geologic time scale: Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene Epoch. The picture below shows a modern herd of zebra grazing on an African savanna. Grazing mammals, such as the perissodactyls and artiodactyls diversified in the Miocene and Pliocene as grasslands and savanna spread across most continents.The initial epoch of the Paleogene Period and the Cenozoic Era is the Paleocene Epoch, which marks the first subdivision of geologic time after the extinction of the dinosaurs and the end of the Cretaceous Period. In western North America, the uplift of the Rocky Mountains, which started in the Cretaceous, continued throughout the Paleocene.Oct 26, 2020 · The Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago through today) is the "Age of Mammals." Birds and mammals rose in prominence after the extinction of giant reptiles. Common Cenozoic fossils include cat-like carnivores and early horses, as well as ice age fossils like wooly mammoths. Caves can preserve the remains of ice-age animals that died in them or ... ….

Right now, according to the current timeline, we are in — deep breath — the Meghalayan Age of the Holocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon, and have ...Generally, the eras used to describe the modern Earth are the Quaternary geological era and the Cenozoic evolutionary era. In the future, there may also be a historical era that the current time period, the 21st century, will belong to.the Palaeozoic, an era of arthropods, amphibians, fishes, and the first life on land; the Mesozoic, which spanned the rise, reign of reptiles, climactic extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs, the evolution of mammals and birds; and. the Cenozoic, which saw the rise of mammals. The Phanerozoic is divided into three eras: the Paleozoic, Mesozoic ...Paleocene Epoch, also spelled Palaeocene Epoch, first major worldwide division of rocks and time of the Paleogene Period, spanning the interval between 66 million and 56 million years ago.The Paleocene Epoch was preceded by the Cretaceous Period and was followed by the Eocene Epoch.The Paleocene is subdivided into three ages and their …The modern Geologic Time Scale as shown above is a compendium of both relative and absolute age dating and represents the most up-to-date assessment of Earth's history. Using a variety of techniques and dating methods, geologists have been able to ascertain the age of the Earth, as well as major eras, periods, and epochs within Earth's history.The Paleocene, ( IPA: / ˈpæli.əsiːn, - i.oʊ -, ˈpeɪli -/ PAL-ee-ə-seen, -⁠ee-oh-, PAY-lee-) [4] or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek παλαιός palaiós ...Cenozoic Era :- (65 million years ago till date) Plenty of fossil of organisms belonging to this era had been obtained. All modern animals and plants were represented in these fossils. This era is subdivided into Tertiary and Quarternary periods. Further this era …The succeeding eon is the Phanerozoic, divided into three eras: the Palaeozoic, an era of arthropods, fishes, and the first life on land; the Mesozoic, which spanned the rise, reign, and climactic extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs; and the Cenozoic, which saw the rise of mammals. Recognizable humans emerged at most 2 million years ago, a ...The Neogene ( / ˈniː.ədʒiːn / NEE-ə-jeen, [6] [7] informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period 23.03 million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period 2.58 Mya. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier ... Cenozoic era epochs, The Geologic Time Scale is divided into four classes of measured time. List in order from largest to smallest. Eons, Eras, Periods, Epochs. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like List all Eons in order. (Oldest to Youngest), List all Eras in order (Oldest to Youngest), List all Eras in Archean Eon (Oldest to Youngest ... , Eocene Epoch, second of three major worldwide divisions of the Paleogene Period (66 million to 23 million years ago) that began 56 million years ago and ended 33.9 million years ago. It follows the Paleocene Epoch and precedes the Oligocene Epoch. The Eocene is often divided into Early (56 million., Geologists measure time in eons, eras, periods, epochs and ages. The scientific working group is proposing that Anthropocene Epoch followed the Holocene Epoch, which started about 11,700 years ago at the end of an ice age. They are also proposing that it starts a new age, called Crawfordian after the lake chosen as its starting point., Apr 12, 2023 · Often called the age of mammals, the Cenozoic includes everything after the K-T extinction event that killed all the non-avian dinosaurs. Beginning 65 million years ago, the Cenozoic’s first of 7 (or possibly 8) epochs was the Paleocene (66-56 Ma). According to the USGS, this 10 million year-long epoch was the time of the diversification of ... , Paleogene Period, oldest of the three stratigraphic divisions of the Cenozoic Era spanning the interval between 66 million and 23 million years ago. Paleogene is Greek meaning “ancient-born” and includes the Paleocene (Palaeocene) Epoch (66 million to 56 million years ago), the Eocene Epoch (56 , Cenozoic Era. Cenozoic Era - Mammals, Plants, Climate: Cenozoic life was strikingly different from that of the Mesozoic. The great diversity that characterizes modern-day flora is attributed to the explosive expansion and adaptive radiation of the angiosperms (flowering plants) that began during the Late Cretaceous. As climatic differentiation ..., Nov 18, 2016 · Paleozoic era cenozoic-Geomorhology Chapter Kaium Chowdhury 975 views•14 slides. The Geologic Time Scale (Chronological Order) Central Mindanao University 18.1K views•30 slides. Paleozoic Era Russen Charlotte 14.5K views•95 slides. , The earliest part of the Cenozoic was the Paleogene Period, including the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs, spanning the interval of 64–23 mya. The first drop in pCO 2 levels marked in proxy records was during the transition from the Paleocene to the Eocene, about 56 mya., For the purposes of geology, the “calendar” is the geologic time scale. One way to distinguish and define each segment of time is by the occurrence of major geologic events and the appearance (and disappearance) of significant life-forms, starting with the formation of Earth’s crust followed by the appearance of ever-changing forms of ..., The Cenozoic Era is also divided into seven epochs, which are the smallest units of time in the geologic time scale. An epoch is a unit of geologic time that further subdivides periods, narrowing ... , The Geologic Time Scale is divided into four classes of measured time. List in order from largest to smallest. Eons, Eras, Periods, Epochs. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like List all Eons in order. (Oldest to Youngest), List all Eras in order (Oldest to Youngest), List all Eras in Archean Eon (Oldest to Youngest ..., Jul 11, 2023 · The group said it had chosen a lake in an Ontario conservation area to represent the start of Anthropocene epoch, ... CENOZOIC ERA 66 million years ago. Dinosaurs appear. 252 million years ago. , Cenozoic (66 million years ago until today) means ‘recent life.’. During this era, plants and animals look most like those on Earth today. Periods of the Cenozoic Era are split into even smaller parts known as Epochs, so …, The Paleogene Period is the first of two periods which make up the Cenozoic Era. ... The Paleogene period, its epochs, the the two Neogene epochs Miocene and ..., Cenozoic overview. Main markers or candidate markers for GSSPs of Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary stages are detailed in text and in Fig. 14.6, 15.4, and 16.6, respectively. (“Age” is the term for the time equivalent of the rock-record “stage.”, The Cenozoic is the most recent of the three major subdivisions of animal history. The other two are the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. The Cenozoic spans only about 65 million years, from the end of the Cretaceous and the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs to the present. The Cenozoic is sometimes called the Age of Mammals, because the largest land ..., These twelve periods is further sub-divided into epochs and epoch into ages. Division of Geological Time into Eras. ... CENOZOIC ERA. This latest era in the earth's geological history has began about 65 million years ago. Cenozoic is made of two words-ceno, i.e. new and zoic, i.e. life. It is an era of new life which normally divided into …, The Cenozoic era started with the warm and humid conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene epochs. However, the climate gradually cooled, leading to the …, The Cenozoic Era covers the 66 million years since the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event up to and including the present day. By the end of the Mesozoic era, ... This period consists of the Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene Epochs. Paleocene Epoch. The Paleocene, lasted ..., The Tertiary Period: The Tertiary Period ran from approximately 66 million years ago all the way to about 2.58 million years ago. It is the traditional name for the first period of the Cenozoic Era and can be broken down into the Paleocene, the Eocene, the Oligocene, the Miocene and the Pliocene Epochs., Species changed as the epochs of the Cenozoic Era rolled by, with the mammals eventually becoming the largest land animals of the Era, as the dinosaurs had been during the Mesozoic. Flowering plants strongly influenced the evolution of both birds and herbivors throughout the Cenozoic era by providing a rich abundance of food., Cenozoic Era :- (65 million years ago till date) Plenty of fossil of organisms belonging to this era had been obtained. All modern animals and plants were represented in these fossils. This era is subdivided into Tertiary and Quarternary periods. Further this era …, Earth Sciences Cenozoic era. The Cenozoic era was the third major epoch of earth's history, beginning approximately 66 million years ago and extending to the present. It was the time interval during which the continents assumed their modern configuration and the different geographical positions they hold to this day, and during which the earth's flora and fauna evolved to the present day., We are currently living in the Holocene epoch. The Holocene is a brief flash of time compared to previous epochs and is, in reality, just an interglacial ..., The earliest part of the Cenozoic was the Paleogene Period, including the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs, spanning the interval of 64–23 mya. The first drop in pCO 2 levels marked in proxy records was during the transition from the Paleocene to the Eocene, about 56 mya., The initial epoch of the Paleogene Period and the Cenozoic Era is the Paleocene Epoch, which marks the first subdivision of geologic time after the extinction of the dinosaurs and the end of the Cretaceous …, The Paleocene was the first epoch of the Paleogene period (65-23 million years ago), the other two being the Eocene (56-34 million years ago) and Oligocene (34-23 million years ago); all these periods and epochs were themselves part of the Cenozoic Era (65 million years ago to the present)., Geologists measure time in eons, eras, periods, epochs and ages. The scientific working group is proposing that Anthropocene Epoch followed the Holocene Epoch, which started about 11,700 years ago ..., The Giant Mammals of the Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene Epochs. The Eocene epoch, from 56 to 34 million years ago, witnessed the first plus-sized herbivorous mammals. The success of Coryphodon, a half-ton plant-eater with a tiny, dinosaur-sized brain, can be inferred by its wide distribution across early Eocene North America and Eurasia., From the figure, it is concluded that The Cenozoic era began about 65 mya (million years ago) and it continues into the present. Lets look each epochs one by one :— 1.) Holocene epoch :— Beginning :— 0.105 mya 0.105 mya = 105,000 …. 570 mya 500 mya 430 mya 395 mya 345 mya 280 mya 225 mya 190 mya 136 mya 65 mya Omya ERA PRE-CAMBRIAN ..., The Neogene period is one of the phases of the Cenozoic Era. This is an important part of the planet’s evolution. It has two main epochs that initiated the evolution of many modern animals. The land bridges of this period brought land masses together. This made various species move to different locations that had different sources of food., The Cenozoic era. The Paleocene epoch; Plesiadapiformes Overview; The Eocene epoch; Adapids; Omomyids; The Oligocene epoch: the monkey/ape divergence (34 to 23 mya) Parapithecids ; Propliopithecids; The Miocene epoch: the Old World monkey/ape divergence (23 to 5 mya) Where did primates come from? References; Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\) - Fossil ..., Very few epochs and stages cross international period boundaries, and the exceptions are almost all within the Cenozoic Era. ... Taranaki epoch: T 11.04: Upper Miocene: Taranaki: Kapitean stage Tk 7.2 Kapitea Creek, near Kumara: Tongaporutuan stage Tt 11.04 Tongaporutu: Southland epoch: S 15.9: