Shale mineralogy

Clifford Krauss reports on the energy industry from Houston. Oct. 11, 2023. Exxon Mobil announced on Wednesday that it was acquiring Pioneer Natural Resources …

Shale is of strong heterogeneity. The mineral composition has a significant influence on the diagenetic evolution, pore network formation, hydrocarbon content, oil mobility, and reservoir ...Oil shale is a crucial unconventional energy source to supplement conventional oil and gas. The oil shale in the Maoming Basin of China has excellent resource potential. In this study, through systematic geochemical testing, the industrial quality and geochemical characteristics of oil shale are revealed, and the hydrocarbon generation potential of oil shale, the parent rock type, and the ...Rock is a mixture of various minerals [32,33]. Mineralogy characteristics are generally considered as the most essential parameter affecting the AWJ perforation performance. Based on mineral composition and content, shale can be classified into three primary categories, i.e. siliceous shale, carbonaceous shale and calcareous shale [9].Many authors (e.g. Said 1962; Cherif & El Afifi 1983), thought that the sediments of the fossil forest were barren of animal fossils, except for rare fresh water gastropods.Non-articulated bone fragments associated with the silicified wood were first described in a thesis by Salama (2008), and are reported here in published format for the …The performance of the test is usually evaluated with the adsorption strength of the selected shale inhibitor on the clay mineral surface thereby forming a hydrophobic (water repellent) clay surface capable of reducing the pore pressure transmission (Jiangen Xu et al., 2017a, 2017b, 2017c). 3.11. Interlayer spacing measurement testShale is the most abundant of the sedimentary rocks, accounting for roughly 70 percent of this rock type in the crust of the Earth. Shales are often found with layers of sandstone orA discontinuity that can be identified by a number prefix is a significant change in particle-size distribution or mineralogy that indicates a difference in the material from which the horizons have formed and/or a significant difference in age ... Examples are weathered igneous rock and partly consolidated sandstone, siltstone, or shale.

Typically, the Marcellus shale is laminated (fissile) and lacks bioturbation. According to previous studies the chief minerals are 9% - 35% mixed-layer clays (more abundant in upper member); 10% - 60% quartz, 0% - 10% feldspar, 5% - 13% pyrite (more common toward the base of the formation), 3% - 48% calcite,Liu Z P, Shao M A, Wang Y Q. 2013. Spatial patterns of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus across the entire Loess Plateau region of China. Geoderma, 197–198, 67–78. Matocha C J, Grove J H, Karathanasis T D, Vandiviere M. 2016. Changes in soil mineralogy due to nitrogen fertilization in an agroecosystem.Keywords: Bakken shale, source rock, mineralogy, southern Saskatchewan, Williston Basin, Mississippian-Devonian. 1. Introduction The study area encompasses Ranges 31W1 to 4W3 and Townships 3 to 16 within southern Saskatchewan in the northern part of the Williston Basin (Figure 1). The Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation is present Clifford Krauss reports on the energy industry from Houston. Oct. 11, 2023. Exxon Mobil announced on Wednesday that it was acquiring Pioneer Natural Resources …Furthermore, numerous studies on black shale have reported a correlation between TOC and SSA (Kennedy et al., 2014; Löhr and Kennedy, 2014; Rahman et al., 2017). These findings suggest that the association between clay minerals and organic matter is widespread in sediments and sedimentary rocks and may directly impact the process …The mineralogical data (e.g., high illite content and moderate illite crystallinity index in Beduh shale and kaolinite in Baluti shale) and geochemical parameters of the shales …The accurate identification of shale lithofacies is key for exploration and development. Based on well-logged data, the accuracy of mineral content prediction using machine …Aug 22, 2023 · Shale is a laminated or fissile clastic sedimentary rock that composed of predominance of silt and clay other minerals, especially quartz and calcite. Characteristic properties of shale is breaks along thin laminae or parallel layering or bedding called fissility.

of porosity, mineralogy and BI in the Barnett Shale on. the crossplots of seismic attributes V p / V s and I p.T h e. panel in figure 9 (a) is colour-coded by the BI defined by.Shale is of strong heterogeneity. The mineral composition has a significant influence on the diagenetic evolution, pore network formation, hydrocarbon content, oil mobility, and reservoir stimulation of shale. Accurate mineral analysis of shale is an essential precondition for scientific research and industrial production. In this study, we present a new quantitative method for shale mineral ...Green river mineralogy. Part of the Encyclopedia of Earth Science book series (EESS) The Green River formation, a series of dolomitic marlstones and oil shales, extends over 16,000 square miles in Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming, USA ( Fig. 1 ). The formation is over 7,000 ft thick, and includes many altered tuff beds, but no known igneous intrusives.Nov 1, 2021 · Shale swelling occurs when a clay mineral is surrounded by a water molecule thus increasing the spacing (cleavage structure) which results in a volumetric expansion of the clay. Ideally, when water molecules encounter a swelling clay mineral, a hydration force is created which also leads to the inducement of electrical forces between the ... 1 thg 7, 2022 ... The results of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and FTIR spectroscopy analyses of mineral composition in- dicated that the El-Lajjun oil ...

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Mixed layer clay minerals are either randomly or regularly interstratified intergrowths of two or more clay minerals. Kaolinite – A) A common earthy white, grayish, yellowish, etc., triclinic clay mineral of the kaolin group: Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4. It is the characteristic mineral of most kaolins, and polymorphous with dickite and nacrite.The mineralogy study is critical to explain the shale softening mechanism based on the clay content of shale. A more significant clay-water reaction is expected with higher clay contents in a ...Jun 27, 2018 · The Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale in Southeast Chongqing of Sichuan Basin in China is considered to be a potential shale gas reservoir by many scholars in recent years. The special shale gas well, namely, Pengye-1 well, was selected as a case study to evaluate the characteristics of the shale gas reservoir. A series of experiments were performed to analyze the geochemical, mineralogical, and ... Green river mineralogy. Part of the Encyclopedia of Earth Science book series (EESS) The Green River formation, a series of dolomitic marlstones and oil shales, extends over 16,000 square miles in Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming, USA ( Fig. 1 ). The formation is over 7,000 ft thick, and includes many altered tuff beds, but no known igneous intrusives.A rock physics modeling can be applied to link the in-situ rock parameters like mineral composition, TOC content, porosity etc. with the geophysical response.Apr 1, 2023 · Mineralogy-based brittleness index is the simplest and most widely used index in characterizing the brittle property of shale gas/oil reservoirs. Traditionally, mineral compositions are usually determined by laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis or interpreted from element logging, among which the former is time-consuming and non-continuous while the latter is costly and not timely. In ...

The performance of the test is usually evaluated with the adsorption strength of the selected shale inhibitor on the clay mineral surface thereby forming a hydrophobic (water repellent) clay surface capable of reducing the pore pressure transmission (Jiangen Xu et al., 2017a, 2017b, 2017c). 3.11. Interlayer spacing measurement testExploring for the Future (EFTF) is an Australian Government initiative focused on gathering new data and information about potential mineral, energy and groundwater resources across northern Australia. This area is generally under-explored and offers enormous potential for industry development, as it is advantageously located close to major global markets, …Mineralogy and petrography of Ordovician and Silurian shales. Source and reservoir rocks of unconventional gas accumulations, commonly called “shales”, are mostly mudstones and claystones. Mudstone is a clastic sedimentary rock built of cemented mud. Claystone is a sedimentary rock in the form of consolidated clay. Jun 27, 2018 · The Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale in Southeast Chongqing of Sichuan Basin in China is considered to be a potential shale gas reservoir by many scholars in recent years. The special shale gas well, namely, Pengye-1 well, was selected as a case study to evaluate the characteristics of the shale gas reservoir. A series of experiments were performed to analyze the geochemical, mineralogical, and ... Oct 8, 2021 · The mineralogy study is critical to explain the shale softening mechanism based on the clay content of shale. A more significant clay-water reaction is expected with higher clay contents in a ... of porosity, mineralogy and BI in the Barnett Shale on. the crossplots of seismic attributes V p / V s and I p.T h e. panel in figure 9 (a) is colour-coded by the BI defined by.Shale is a rock that has been formed from the compression of mud over time. Some black shale contains organic compounds that can be converted to oil or natural gas. Other colors of shale are crushed and mixed with water to create clay.Shale mineralogy and burial diagenesis of Frio and Vicksburg Formations in two geopressured wells, McAllen Ranch Area, Hidalgo County, Texas. Trans Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Soc 31:289–293. Google Scholar Freed RL. 1982. Clay mineralogy and depositional history of the Frio Formation in two geopressured wells, Brazoria County, Texas.

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Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 5013 2 of 17 The mineral analysis is mainly inclusive of mineral composition, morphology, and distribution. The main conventional shale mineral analysis methods are rock ...Shale is a lithified mud — a sedimentary rock composed mostly of clay- and silt-sized grains. There are several ways to define shale. Some definitions are rather narrow. Glossary of Geology published by the American Geological Institute defines shale as a laminated, indurated rock with >67% clay-sized minerals 1. Shale Formation. A shale formation is a sedimentary rock composed of fine-grained detrital mineral (silt-size particles of quartz and calcite) and flakes of clay and it is characterised by the presence of about 1% to over 20% of Total Organic Carbon content (TOC). From: Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2012.Matrix response points are defined for sand and silt, water, and dry clay minerals. A wet clay point is defined on the dry clay minerals-100% water line. A shale point was defined on the quartz-wet clay line. The model can then determine porosity, shale volume, and silt index from interpolation in this framework.Paleogeomorphology and shale distribution of Late Ordovician-Early Silurian Yangtze platform, South China: Implication for shale mineralogy and TOC content Article Full-text availableThe development of cost-effective methods for estimating hydraulic conductivity profiles has been an ongoing effort in the field of engineering practice, which can be used to increase availability to clarify the hydrogeological complexity of fractured rock aquifers for the aid of solving groundwater-related problems. A new methodology is …Shale formations play key functions in geologic carbon sequestration (GCS), and it is important to understand the interactions of water-bearing scCO 2 fluids with the minerals …30 thg 1, 2018 ... This study focuses on the geochemistry of redox-sensitive elements of marine black shales at the Qusseir area of the Duwi. Formation to infer ...However, microstructural images of shale at high-resolution, obtained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are constrained in the two-dimensional (2D) scale.Method: In …He developed his arguments in a geological context based, in part, on the fossil faunas of the Burgess Shale (which are described in section 11.3). Although most palaeontologists now think he pushed these ideas too far, they are still good illustrations of the potential for historical contingency to have a major role in the history of a planetary ecosystem.

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The mineralogical data (e.g., high illite content and moderate illite crystallinity index in Beduh shale and kaolinite in Baluti shale) and geochemical parameters of the shales …To understand the characteristics of variation in porosity and permeability, the physical properties of the shale reservoir under different stress conditions play an important role in guiding shale gas production. With the shale of the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation in the south of the Sichuan Basin as the research object, stress-dependent porosity and permeability test, high-pressure mercury ...Millimeter-scale mineral composition and lithofacies. Due to the organic matter enrichment, the vertical thin section in Fig. 2 is brown-yellow under the plane-polarized light. No visible fossils ...To understand the characteristics of variation in porosity and permeability, the physical properties of the shale reservoir under different stress conditions play an important role in guiding shale gas production. With the shale of the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation in the south of the Sichuan Basin as the research object, stress-dependent porosity and permeability test, high-pressure mercury ...Shale Abstract Brittleness index is an important parameter used to select favorable fracturing intervals during shale gas exploitation. Mineral compositions exert a …Mineralogy-based brittleness index is the simplest and most widely used index in characterizing the brittle property of shale gas/oil reservoirs. Traditionally, mineral compositions are usually determined by laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis or interpreted from element logging, among which the former is time-consuming and non-continuous while the latter is costly and not timely. In ...Feb 9, 2022 · Organic-rich shale and associated fine-grained sedimentary rocks of marine-continental transitional facies were well developed in the Upper Carboniferous Keluke Formation in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, which is expected to be a set of potential shale gas exploration and development target. Mineralogy and pore structure of marine-continental transitional shale were investigated systematically ... Aug 1, 2023 · In the case of the Wufeng–Longmaxi shale, both the clay mineral content and grain size exhibit a gradual decrease from the subaqueous high to the subaqueous sag (Fig. 14), indicating the potential source area to be the Leshan-Longnüsi paleo-uplift. The clay mineral content of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale is also affected by gravity flow [42, 45 ... Apr 1, 2019 · Shale mineralogy. Rock mineralogy and texture can be a critical component in estimating resource potential of shales (Sliwinski et al., 2010). An average shale comprises of 59% clay minerals (illite, smectite, kaolinite) and rest approximately 40% non-clay minerals (such as quartz, chert and feldspar) (Yaalon, 1962). ….

Tendency to chemical cement. Ash: unconsolidated fragments under. 4 mm. Tuff: consolidated ash. Volcanic Breccia: angular fragments over 4 mm. Agglomerate: large proportion (>25%) of bombs. These rocks are classified on the proportions of vitric, crystal (mineral), or lithic material they contain, for example, "vitric lithic ash," or "crystal ...Shale is a laminated or fissile clastic sedimentary rock that composed of predominance of silt and clay other minerals , especially quartz and calcite. Characteristic properties of shale is breaks along thin laminae or parallel layering or bedding called fissility. It is most abundant sedimentary rock.Sep 30, 2013 · The minerals k-feldspar, calcite and hematite are minorly existing in the red shale. Gamero-Diaz et al. (2013) proposed that the classification of mineralogy can help to determine the target areas ... 10 thg 7, 2019 ... A superiority of clay minerals in the composition of oil shale compared to K-minerals, including K-feldspar was found. The estimates based on ...Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals 4) and tiny fragments of other minerals, ...Oct 1, 2019 · Clay minerals within shale may react with water-based fluids (WBFs) causing swelling, aggregation of shale cuttings on the drill string (bit balling) and potentially wellbore collapse. Factors ... Dec 23, 2020 · For the purpose of evaluating shale gas reservoir resources, researchers concentrated on the adsorption/desorption mechanism of CH 4 in shale in the early studies, and the main influencing factors were analyzed: organic matter content, kerogen type, mineralogy, thermal maturity (), moisture, micropore structure and pore size distribution, etc. The paper is investigating behavior and structure of combustible shales during heat treatment in order to identify their possible industrial applications. A synchronous thermal analysis has been held, chemical composition of combustible shales’ mineral fraction and optimal conditions for shale fines briquetting have been determined. Shale mineralogy, Each specific shale mineral has characteristic chemical elements, and with the help of the EDS technique, it can be exactly determined that the indentation region belongs to quartz, calcite, dolomite or clay minerals, and it can be double-checked by combining the mechanical parameters and the indentation surface morphology., 11 thg 4, 2017 ... Many of the minerals that formed from the gasses of the fire are similar to those from other oil shale fires, coal mine fires, and volcanic ..., Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier in pursuit of net-zero emission energy production. However, such a transition relies on our ability to properly ..., 30 thg 1, 2019 ... Variations in shale mineralogy also may affect the reactivity of both organic additives in the. HFF and the shale kerogen. The Marcellus ..., Aug 29, 2021 · Shale is a typical fine-grained sedimentary rock with small grain sizes of matrix components, significant lithofacies variation of rock texture and structure, and strong heterogeneity of organic matter and mineral compositions. Characterization of mineral compositions and their heterogeneity in micro- to nanoscale are the key parameters to gas shale pore structure and rock physical properties ... , In terms of origin, most shale rock's constituent minerals are either: allogenic – clasts of rocks and minerals are brought into sedimentary basins, in which the shales are formed, from external sources (predominantly as detritic terrigenous material derived from rock weathering on land)., 17 thg 8, 2022 ... Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Shales of Mamu Formation in Nigeria: Effects of Deposition, Source Rock, and Tectonic Background. Written By., Twenty-three shale samples ranging in depth from 5194 ft to 13,246 ft from Gulf Oil Corporation No. 2 Texas State Lease 53034 well and 33 shale samples ranging in depth from 2185 ft to 15,592 ft from General Crude Oil Company/Department of Energy No. 1 Pleasant Bayou well were examined by x-ray techniques to determine the mineralogy of the geopressured zone in the Brazoria Fairway. , Matrix response points are defined for sand and silt, water, and dry clay minerals. A wet clay point is defined on the dry clay minerals-100% water line. A shale point was defined on the quartz-wet clay line. The model can then determine porosity, shale volume, and silt index from interpolation in this framework., Mar 17, 2023 · Quartz is an important mineral component in the Late Ordovician — Early Silurian Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation with various forms and sources and has a significant impact on the properties of shale gas reservoirs. In this study, geochemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, and rock mechanics testing were performed on shale samples from the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in ... , An in situ dual-beam microscope (Scanning Electron Microscope and Focused Ion Beam, also called SEM-FIB) was exploited to image and analyze the microstructure of the Fayetteville shale samples. 2. Clay mineralogy. Rock mineralogy is critical for shale evaluation [22], [17] and can greatly affect the brittleness of rocks [9]. The proportion of ..., PROPOSED OPEN CAST MINING QUARRY AND TRANSPORTATION OF SHALE SOIL MINERALS AT MATUGA- KUNDUTSI SUB-LOCATIONS OF KWALE COUNTY, KENYA …, Clay minerals present a large plasticity during diagenesis, but brittle minerals play a supporting role in the shale, because the brittle minerals have a low plasticity. So the compaction of clay minerals in shale is weaker than in pure clay minerals, and thus can preserve more pore space. Download : Download high-res image (308KB), Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed primarily of clay minerals and other clay-sized particles of minerals like quartz and calcite. It is laminated and fissile, easily breaking along bedding planes. Shale forms from the deposition and compaction of clay-sized minerals in a low-energy environment., PROPOSED OPEN CAST MINING QUARRY AND TRANSPORTATION OF SHALE SOIL MINERALS AT MATUGA- KUNDUTSI SUB-LOCATIONS OF KWALE COUNTY, KENYA …, Shale is of strong heterogeneity. The mineral composition has a significant influence on the diagenetic evolution, pore network formation, hydrocarbon content, oil mobility, and reservoir stimulation of shale. Accurate mineral analysis of shale is an essential precondition for scientific research and industrial production. In this study, we present a new quantitative method for shale mineral ..., Shale is of strong heterogeneity. The mineral composition has a significant influence on the diagenetic evolution, pore network formation, hydrocarbon content, oil mobility, and reservoir ..., Shale is a lithified mud — a sedimentary rock composed mostly of clay- and silt-sized grains. There are several ways to define shale. Some definitions are rather narrow. Glossary of Geology published by the American Geological Institute defines shale as a laminated, indurated rock with >67% clay-sized minerals 1. , Jan 1, 2022 · The HRZ Shale is primarily a siliceous mudstone with varying proportions of pyrite. It has a significantly low proportion of carbonates. The minerals—quartz, clay, and pyrite—all vary in abundance from well to well and within the same well at various depths. Download : Download high-res image (653KB) Download : Download full-size image; Fig. 9. , May 24, 2021 · The characterizations of microfractures within shale, and their associations with bedding, mineralogy and loading, are important for shale gas exploration and related engineering safety. , Liu Z P, Shao M A, Wang Y Q. 2013. Spatial patterns of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus across the entire Loess Plateau region of China. Geoderma, 197–198, 67–78. Matocha C J, Grove J H, Karathanasis T D, Vandiviere M. 2016. Changes in soil mineralogy due to nitrogen fertilization in an agroecosystem., Mar 1, 2022 · The proposed AI model for shale mineralogy may help select the best target locations for hydraulic fracturing along with other controlling factors. Based on the results obtained, the following conclusions were derived: 1. Using AI approach, shale mineralogy can be accurately estimated from conventional well logs. Credit author statement , As the essential component of shale, clay minerals have a vital influence on the pore structure and the gas content of reservoirs. To investigate the compositional characteristics of coal-measure ..., Figure 9 shows the templates incorporating the effects of porosity, mineralogy and BI in the Barnett Shale on the crossplots of seismic attributes V p /V s and I p. The panel in figure 9(a) is colour-coded by the BI defined by geomechanical properties and the panel in figure 9(b) is colour-coded by the content of brittle mineralogy. In the ..., The measurement is used to locate shale beds and quantify shale volume. Clay minerals are formed from the decomposition of igneous rock. Because clay minerals have large cation exchange capacities, they permanently retain a portion of the radioactive minerals present in trace amounts in their parent igneous micas and feldspars., He has been directly involved in the exploration, drilling, completion and production of several thousand CBM, Shale, and TGS wells throughout N America, Europe, SE Asia and Australia. His interests include development strategies of unconventional reservoirs, advanced drilling and completion practices, coal forming environments, and low grade …, Shale is mostly made up of clay, so it can range in color from medium brown to white. Shale is often used to make ceramic tiles. Shale colors fall in the neutral color palette and can be paired with blues for a country look, soft pinks for ..., , A discontinuity that can be identified by a number prefix is a significant change in particle-size distribution or mineralogy that indicates a difference in the material from which the horizons have formed and/or a significant difference in age ... Examples are weathered igneous rock and partly consolidated sandstone, siltstone, or shale., Tendency to chemical cement. Ash: unconsolidated fragments under. 4 mm. Tuff: consolidated ash. Volcanic Breccia: angular fragments over 4 mm. Agglomerate: large proportion (>25%) of bombs. These rocks are classified on the proportions of vitric, crystal (mineral), or lithic material they contain, for example, "vitric lithic ash," or "crystal ..., Shale formations play key functions in geologic carbon sequestration (GCS), and it is important to understand the interactions of water-bearing scCO 2 fluids with the minerals …, However, microstructural images of shale at high-resolution, obtained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are constrained in the two-dimensional (2D) scale.Method: In …, Mixed layer clay minerals are either randomly or regularly interstratified intergrowths of two or more clay minerals. Kaolinite – A) A common earthy white, grayish, yellowish, etc., triclinic clay mineral of the kaolin group: Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4. It is the characteristic mineral of most kaolins, and polymorphous with dickite and nacrite.